hynes



Jan. 15,1924. 1,480,554 L. P.- HYNES CAR VENTILATION Fil ed March 27. 1923 avwemtoz 5 LEE P. HYNES Patented Jan. 15, 1924.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LE P. HYNES, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR TO CONSOLIDATED CAR-HEATING COMPANY, OF ALBANY, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

CAR VENTILATION.

Application filed March 27, 1923.

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, LEE P. HYNES, a citlzen of the United States, residing at Albany, in the county of Albany and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Car Ventilation, the following being a full, clear, and exact disclosure of the one form of my invention which I at present deem preferable.

For a detailed description of the present form of my invention, reference may be had to the following specification and to the accompanying drawing forming a part thereof, wherein- Figs. 1 and 2 show the respective closed and open position of a ventilator;

Fig. 3 shows a slightly modified form;

Fig. 4c is a joint elevation and Fig. 5 a sectional plan of my device;

Fig. 6 shows a means for joint operation of a single ventilator;

Figs. 7 and 8 show a modification.

In the heating of railway cars a serious difficulty is encountered in securing adequate ventilation of a crowded car without the necessity of wasting a large amount of heated air when the cars are less crowded. The health department of Chicago requires, for instance, a minimum amount of vented air per passenger and bases its determination of the total amount per car on a crowded condi tion. This causes a heavy expense for heating, which is largely wasted because not necessary at other than crowded times.

- It is the purpose of my invention to provide a degree of ventilation proportionate approximately to the number of passengers in a car above a certain minimum. In an ordinary street car the ventilation required for the seated load may be considered as a minimum, being adequately provided by the opening of the doors or by such supplementary fixed amount as may be desired. "I then provide that the standing load shall operate a series of ventilators, or a single ventilator to a greater or less degree, whereby each passenger may add his quota to the ventilation when he enters and subtract it when he leaves. I do this by connecting each hangerstrap, which the standing passenger will grasp and pull down, to a ventilator which he will thereby open. When he releases the strap the ventilator will close. Or I connect all the straps to a single ventilator which will be opened to an added degree by each Serial No. 628,001.

strap that is pulled and correspondingly closed when the pull is released. The ventilation which is thus varied with the standing load may be by air-intake or by air outlet and the details may assume a variety of forms, but for illustration I have shown the arrangements appearing in the drawing. An ordinary clear-story ventilator in a car is shown in Figs. 1 to 5 at 2. In 4.- the ordinary hanger-straps are shown at (3, 6 on a hanger-rod l. One of these straps is shown at 5 as embracing the rod 4L by a long loop 13, the top of which is connected by a linlz 7 to the aforesaid ventilator 2, which is normally held closed by a spring 15, shown in Fig. 4:. The strap 5 will therefore be normally pulled up as shown in Fig. 1, till the hanger-rod 4 rests in the bottom of loop 13. When, however, a passenger takes hold of the strap and pulls down thereon it will draw open the ventilator 2, as shown in Fig. 2, the strap having a final bearing on the rod l: which now rests in the top of the loop. In the case of a rigid hanger-strap 9 rotating on the hanger-rod, the link 7 is connected to a short lever arm 7 on the hub of the hanger, as is illustrated in Fig. 3, whereby the pulling down thereof will open the ventilator 2 in the way heretofore described.

In Fig. 6 I have shown a single ventilator 17 of the rotary damper type which is operated by a wire rope or chain 10 extending along the car just above the hangerrod 4 passing over a series of pulleys 12. Each of the straps 5, 5, etc, are provided at the top of the loop 13 aforesaid with a pulley which bears on top of the rope 10. The ventilator 9 will be normally closed by a spring 16 on the end of rope 10, but as each hanger-strap is depressed it will draw down on the rope 10 and open ventila tor 17 to a certain degree by the loop thereby formed in the rope. Each strap will have the same effect, while as each one is released the ventilator will be allowed to close to a corresponding degree, the spring 16 drawing the rope through the pulleys of the intermediate straps. In practice a suflicient number of straps will be connected to the ventilating apparatus to provide such close approximation as may be necessary between the number of passengers and the fresh air for them. By this means the heated air is not wasted when the car is not crowded. In all forms above described it loo will benoticed that the straps have their normal hearing on the rail after operating the ventilators and in no way is their use for the customary purpose interfered with. In case the ventilators are in the root of the car, the arrangement in l igs. 7 and 8 will embody the same general principle. In these figures 24 is the roof and 23 the outside hood. Below a circular opening in root 24 is seated a spider 21 through the hub of which passes a central rod 20 on damper 20 which is normally held upward in closing positionby a spring 22. To ,the under side of the damper is attached the strap by which a standing passengerpulls down and opens the damper. The washer above spring 22 provides a stop.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. Car ventilating means of the character described, comprising a ventilator, a hanger strap for supporting passengers, and ventilator operating means connected with and actuated by said hanger strap.

2. Car ventilating means or" the character. described comprising ventilator, va hanger strap for: supporting passengers, a

spring for retracting the hanger strap from its bearing, and ventilator operating means connected with the ventilator and the strap, whereby the ventilator is operated by the initial movement of the-strap toits bearing.

3. Car "v 'entilating means of the character described comprising a ventilator, a sus pended hanger strap for supporting passengers, and ventilator operating means connected with said hanger strap and actuated by a downward pull thereon.

a. Car ventilating means of the character described comprising a ventilator, a series of hanger straps for supporting passengers, and ventilator-operating means connected with and actuated individually by said hanger straps.

5. Car ventilatingnnieans of the character describedcomprising a ventilator, an operating rope therefor extending along the car, and, a series of hanger straps for supporting passengers connected with and acting individually upon said rope.

Signed at Albany, county of Albany, State of New York, this 24 day of March,

LEE P. HYNES. 

